«Vestnik Moskovskogo avtomobilno-dorozhnogo gosudarstvennogo tehnicheskogo universiteta (MADI)» | Number 4(72), March 2023

Abstract.

Geosynthetic materials are actively used in modern transport construction. At a relatively low cost, reinforce-ment with geosynthetic materials can increase the strength and rigidity of road structures. The quality of laying geosynthetic materials has an impact on their durability. The existing technology of laying is characterized by low efficiency, since manual labor is used to roll out and fix the rolls of material. In addition, when manually rolling out rolls, creases and irregularities may occur on the surface of the material, which inevitably leads to a de-crease in the operational characteristics of the road structure. The objective of this study is to increase the effi-ciency of laying geosynthetic materials, as well as to eliminate hazardous operating conditions by mechanizing the process of laying materials in the road structure. The paper proposes an original design of a device that al-lows mechanizing the process of laying geosynthetic materials in the road structure, which includes the follow-ing main elements: a platform on which a hopper with unloading hatches is installed; drives; right and left augers with the possibility of reversing the direction of rotation; a tensioner; an axis with a roll of geosynthetic material; a rear axle with non-rotating wheels and the front axle with swivel wheels. The use of the proposed device in transport construction will eliminate manual labor and increase productivity. The device can be used for laying various types of geosynthetic materials, for example, geotextile, geogrid, geomat, etc.

Keywords: geosynthetic material, laying, roadbed, device for mechanization of laying, productivity improvement.

References

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Abstract.

The purpose of the design of dedicated lanes for ground public transport (GPT) is to reduce travel time and cre-ate the most comfortable conditions for users (passengers) in comparison with personal cars or other types of transport. One of the design problems is the presence of right turns on the road, which can largely determine the speed of movement of the GPT vehicles that differ from the designed one. There are three typical design schemes for right turns in the presence of a dedicated lane: traffic light regulation of the organization of the right turn; uncontrolled intersection, free from possible delays; uncontrolled intersection in the organization of pedestrian traffic, which ultimately determines the time delays of the GPT when vehicles are located in a dedi-cated lane, waiting for an acceptable headway between pedestrians. Traffic rules of most countries of the world provide for the highest priority for pedestrian traffic, including on uncontrolled pedestrian crossings. This situa-tion increases the level of safety and service for pedestrians, but at the same time reduces the level of service of road for traffic flow. The article presents the results of field studies of the impact of pedestrians on the delay of vehicles at uncontrolled pedestrian crossing in Moscow city. On the basis of the results obtained, recommen-dations are proposed to increase the capacity of an unregulated intersection with the provision of advantages for pedestrian traffic.

Keywords: uncontrolled pedestrian crossing, traffic management, vehicle delay, level of service (LOS).

Abstract.

The article presents the results of testing carbon plastics to assess the change in their fatigue characteristics depending on the mode of processing of mechanical samples of the edges of the samples. The tests were carried out on samples of carbon fiber plastics of three series, which differ in the applied cutting conditions (frequency of rotation of the cutter at the same feed). The tests were carried out by the method of cyclic bending three-point loading for a given deflection value with registration of stress changes every 5∙103 cy-cles. The total number of cycles is 105, the frequency of cyclic loading is 5 Hz. Based on the test results, curves of the dependence of the change in strength on the number of cycles were constructed. It has been established that the cutter rotation frequency does not have a significant effect on the static bending strength, however, with a decrease in the value of this milling parameter, an increase in the value of the maximum deflection and an improvement in the quality of the cut surface are observed, which significantly affects the intensity of strength loss with an increase in the number of loading cycles.

Keywords: bending, polymer composite materials, strength, cutting conditions, carbon fiber reinforced plastics, fatigue, cyclic loading, milling

References

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Abstract.

The paper presents an analysis of the current state of the process of choosing construction machines and means of mechanization during dismantling to determine the physical deterioration of buildings and struc-tures and shows the data obtained from the analysis of the results. Accounting for these factors is a techno-logical prerequisite for the development of rational methods for dismantling and the choice of effective means of mechanization during the demolition of houses of the first mass series in the conditions of recon-struction of dense urban development. Within the framework of the study, two main segments of the dis-mantling construction machinery market are identified, which include the sector of crane mechanized means for dismantling and excavators—destroyers and a very significant segment of compact mobile and stationary machines and robots. It is shown that within the first segment, various excavators and special equipment with the use of variable designs of scissors-destroyers and hammers are widely used, and the second segment is characterized by the use of compact mobile and stationary machines and robots, includ-ing powerful universal machines with a wide range of applications in cramped conditions. A mathematical model was developed for the selection of construction machines and mechanization tools during disman-tling works.

Keywords: means of mechanization, construction machines, dismantling works, construction, selection, optimization

References

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Abstract.

The possibility of taking into account the influence of storage conditions of dispersed fillers on the quality of joints restored using polymer composite materials based on them is considered. For experimental stud-ies, two types of dispersed fillers were selected, the most common in the repair of road construction ma-chines: fine aluminum powder and carbon-containing powder. A technique for estimating the rate of the degradation process of particulate-filled polymer composite materials is presented, taking into account the property retention coefficient. The change in the properties of dispersed fillers and polymer composite ma-terials based on them during storage of raw materials under standard (manufacturer-recommended) condi-tions in a heated warehouse at a temperature of +22°C, at an increased air humidity of >98% and in an un-heated open warehouse under conditions of natural humidity difference was experimentally established. air and temperatures from +30°С to −30°С. It is shown that violation of storage conditions can lead to irre-versible changes in the quality of dispersed fillers and composites based on them, which will further affect the quality of products manufactured or restored using them. Photographs of the microstructure of the samples are presented after exposure of the fillers under standard storage conditions, as well as at high air humidity and at a temperature difference.

Keywords: dispersed materials, technological heredity, coefficient of preservation of properties

References

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Abstract.

The article substantiates the significance and formulates tasks aimed at solving the problem of ensuring the safety of highly automated and unmanned vehicles during operation. The procedure for admission and test-ing of highly automated vehicles on public roads in Russia is described, the procedure and composition of reporting on distances traveled by autonomous vehicles are analyzed, shortcomings of the approved report-ing system are identified and justified. The analysis of the world's most complete system of reporting on the operation of autonomous vehicles used in California has been carried out, useful provisions have been identified that can potentially be used to form a reporting system in Russia. The analysis of the data of pub-licly available reports on collisions of autonomous vehicles provided by developers has been carried out, the shortcomings and gaps of the reporting system under consideration have been identified. Based on the results of the study, the main requirements that the future system of reporting on the operation of auton-omous vehicles in Russia should meet are formulated in order to be able to timely identify the problems of the developed automated driving systems and accelerate their development through the joint efforts of interested parties, as well as to understand the national level of developments in general.

Keywords: highly automated vehicles, safety of autonomous vehicles, operation reporting, experimental legal regime

References

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Abstract.

The transport infrastructure of the Far East is experiencing intense loads in the conditions of increasing vol-umes of bulk cargo transportation and integration into the international transport corridors of Northeast Asia, therefore, the purpose of the work is to determine the capacity of the existing infrastructure of land border checkpoints. To achieve this goal, a simulation program was used to simulate the movement of vehi-cles through an automobile checkpoint in international traffic. In 2022, traffic was opened on the Kani-Kurgan (RF) — Heihe (China) bridge road crossing, which made it possible to reduce the length of transport routes by 1.5 thousand kilometers and the time of cargo transportation in the Asia — Europe direction. The subject of this study is the transport and terminal logistics infrastructure of the border crossing the Kani-Kurgan (RF) — Heihe (China). The objectives of the study include the analysis of the volume of trade turnover of the Amur region with China, the development of a scheme for the movement of vehicles between cus-toms terminals and the simulation of technological processes of the checkpoint. Theoretical and mathemat-ical research methods were used, including modeling, visualization and comparison. The article presents the results of three modeling scenarios — a gradual increase in the number of cars passing through the Kani-Kurgan customs post, taking into account changes in technical and technological parameters.

Keywords: border crossing, automobile checkpoint, simulation modeling, throughput

References

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Abstract.

The article deals with the research questions of the causes and conditions of occurrence of road traffic accidents (RTA). A road traffic offense as an administratively punishable act, as well as the concept of a crime as a criminally punishable act are considered on the example of Art. 264 and Art. 268 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation are analyzed. During the investigation of plenty factors, the consideration of which could help reduce accidents and number of misdemeanors and crimes in the field of road traffic, the authors put forward a number of evidence-based proposals related to improving road safety. Specific recommendations are given for making changes to legislative and regulatory legal acts. With the help of the data obtained during the research, the authors propose the introduction of certain methods to improve the quality of driver training, recommend social methods of influencing young people, leading to an increase in the level of transport culture.

Keywords: road safety, traffic accidents, accident rate, driver, pedestrian, criminal liability

References

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11. Melnikov S. E., Melnikova T. E., Pontakova A. I. Nauka i tekhnika v dorozhnoj otrasli, 2019, no. 1(87), pp. 5-6.

Abstract.

The article considers modeling of transport and technological schemes of operation of road transport. In the current transport environment, in addition to the challenges of finding ways to reduce transport costs, reduce gaps in routes and ensure the safety of goods and vehicles, the reliability and sustainability of the supply chain are important components. In the course of the study, the authors consider not only historical aspects of the formation of schemes, but also the dynamics of development, formation and improvement of their use. The article offers methods of increase of efficiency of compilation and functioning of transport and technological schemes taking into account the most complete amount of information received in the form of necessary documents on the state of rolling stock. As a result of the work the authors propose to improve transport and technological schemes on the basis of systems for processing large data sets. At pre-sent, there is a positive trend in their use in the transport sector. The proposed approach is based on the use of high-tech tools for processing a large amount of data, which, as a result, will improve the accuracy of not only the analysis of actual indicators, but also the process of forecasting transport work, taking into account external factors. The use of the proposed methodology will facilitate the modelling of transport and technology schemes as well as improve the performance of rolling stock.

Keywords: international road transport, digital technologies in transport, Big Data processing system, logistics of inter-national goods circulation, transport services

References

1. Andrianov A. Y., Avdeev I. L. Vestnik Altajskoj akademii ekonomiki i prava, 2019, no. 3-2, pp. 5-9.
2. Bubnova G., Kurenkov P., Nekrasov A. Logistika, 2017, no. 7(128), pp. 46-50.
3. Golubchik A. M. Logistika segodnya, 2021, no. 4, pp. 258-264.
4. Demin V. A. Gruzovik, 2019, no. 5, pp. 31-33.
5. Demin V. A. Mir transporta, 2018, no. 5(78), pp. 192-198.
6. Efimenko D. B., Barabanova E. S., Tkachev A. I. Vestnik transporta, 2019, no. 10, pp. 14-17.
7. Kozhevnikov E. R., Barabanova E.S. Materialy Mezhdunarodnoi konferentsii s uchastiem mo-lodyh uchenyh «Nauka i tekhnika v dorozhnoj ot-rasli», Moscow, MADI, 2021, pp. 101-103.
8. Filippova N. A., Zaikin R. N., Efimenko D. B. Mir transporta, 2019, no. 6(85), pp. 258-270.
9. Golubchik A. M. Materialy mezhdunarodnoj konferencii «Problemy mezhdunarodnoj transportnoj politiki», Moscow, MADI, 2022, pp. 13-19.
10. Filatov S. A., Barabanova E. S. Sbornik materialov V Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii «Arhitekturno-stroitel'nyj i dorozhno-transportnyj kompleksy: problemy, perspektivy, innovacii», Omsk, SibADI, 2021, pp. 383-386.
11. Bilyalova L. R., Borisov A.N., Byasharova A.R., German E.I., Golubchik A.M., Demin V.A., Dolbik-Vorobej T.A., Efimenko D.B., Zhankaziev S.V., Ilyuhina S.S., Karelina E.A., Kozhankov A.Yu., Mal'ceva M.V., Mamedova I.A., Pak E.V., Panfilov I.D., Podhalyuzina V.A., Polyakova T.Yu., Savchenko-Bel'skij V.Yu., Savchenko-Bel'skij K.A., Salamatov V.Yu., Strygin A.V., Sudorgin O.A., Tkachenko S.B., Torkunov A.V., Trofimenko Yu.V., Filatov S.A., Hasbulatov R.I., Shkvarya L.V., Mezhdunarodnyj transport, mezhdunarodnaya transportnaya politika i transportnaya diplomatiya (International Transport, International Transport Policy and Transport Diplomacy), Moscow, Ekon-Inform, 2022, 471 p.

Abstract.

The current state of the world economy and international trade is due to international transport and logis-tics. International trade in goods and foreign trade of states cannot exist without efficient transport services of a high level and quality, which include the annual movement of billions of tons of various cargoes around the world. These commodity flows need a systematic scientifically based organization, ordering and man-agement. The logistics of international commodity circulation as an active tool for optimizing flows and managing them is formed as a result of the requests and needs of subjects of international economic rela-tions — countries, regions, associations, business entities. Determining the content of the logistics of interna-tional goods movement is a major task for the entire international economic community. Understanding the processes of international goods movement determines the technologies for their optimization and management, and logistics tools should provide any reasonable requests from customers of transport ser-vices. The presented consideration of the logistics of international goods movement determined its content, the functions of logistics and the requirements for the level of professional competencies in the field of in-ternational trade in goods and transport services. A distinction is made between the tasks and functions of international transport logistics at the international and national levels, the interests of Russia and the domestic foreign economic business in relation to the competencies of transport logistics at the present stage are determined.

Keywords: logistics of international movement of goods, world trading of goods, export & import operations, export of transport services, core competent freight forwarding & transportation companies

References

1. Gorishnyaya A. A., Chmut G. A. Vestnik universi-teta, 2021, no. 8, pp. 34-40.
2. Gubar'kov S. V. Tamozhennaya politika Rossii na Dal'nem Vostoke, 2022, no. 4(101), pp. 9-21.
3. Demin V. A. Gruzovik, 2019, no. 5, pp. 31-33.
4. Demin V. A. Mir transporta, 2018, vol. 16, no. 5(78), pp. 192-198.
5. Komarova E. V., Vlasov A.V. Uchenye zapiski Ros-sijskoj Akademii predprinimatel'stva, 2019, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 200-207.
6. Olejnikov A. S., Varyuhin Y.A. Innovacionnaya ekonomika i sovremennyj menedzhment, 2023, no. 1(43), pp. 31-33.
7. Senin I. S., Konovalova T. V., Nadiryan S. L. Gumanitarnye, social'no-ekonomicheskie i ob-shchestvennye nauki, 2023, no. 1, pp. 198-200.
8. Filatov S. A., Barabanova E. S. Sbornik materialov V Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj kon-ferencii «Arhitekturno-stroitel'nyj i dorozhno-transportnyj kompleksy: problemy, perspektivy, innovacii», Omsk, SibADI, 2021, pp. 383-386.
9. Filippova N. A., Zaikin R. N., Efimenko D. B., Mir transporta, 2019, vol. 17, no. 6(85), pp. 258-270.
10. Yunusova A. R., Merdzhanova L. Z., Uchenye zapiski Krymskogo inzhenerno-pedagogicheskogo universiteta, 2022, no 2(76), pp. 227-231.
11. Golubchik A. M., Efimenko D. B., Filatov S. A., Transportnye dokumenty v obespechenii vnesh-netorgovoj deyatel'nosti predpriyatiya (Transport documents in the provision of foreign trade of the enterprise), Moscow, Intermediya, 2018, 216 p.
12. Vilkovoj G.N. (Russ ed.) Inkoterms^® 2020. Pravila ICC po ispol'zovaniyu nacional'nyh i mezhdu-narodnyh torgovyh terminov. (Incoterms^® 2020. ICC rules for the use of domestic and Interna-tional trade terms), Moscow, ICC Russia, 2020, 400 p.
13. Kholopov K. V., Golubchik A. M, Isakova M.A., Ekonomika i organizaciya transportnogo obespecheniya vneshneekonomicheskoj deyatel'nosti (Economy and organization of transport support of foreign economic activity), Moscow, VAVT, 2016, 236 p.
14. Bilyalova L. R., Borisov A.N., Byasharova A.R., German E.I., Golubchik A.M., Demin V.A., Dolbik-Vorobej T.A., Efimenko D.B., Zhankaziev S.V., Ilyuhina S.S., Karelina E.A., Kozhankov A.Yu., Mal'ceva M.V., Mamedova I.A., Pak E.V., Panfilov I.D., Podhalyuzina V.A., Polyakova T.Yu., Savchenko-Bel'skij V.Yu., Savchenko-Bel'skij K.A., Salamatov V.Yu., Strygin A.V., Sudorgin O.A., Tkachenko S.B., Torkunov A.V., Trofimenko Yu.V., Fila-tov S.A., Hasbulatov R.I., Shkvarya L.V. Mezhdunarodnyj transport, mezhdunarodnaya transportnaya politika i transportnaya diplomatiya (International Transport, In-ternational Transport Policy and Transport Diploma-cy), Moscow, Ekon-Inform, 2022, 471 p.

Abstract.

The article given the obtained results of the main performance indicators of synthetic motor oils aimed at solving the problem of maintaining the operability of equipment samples through the effective use and control of the state of lubricants. The relevance of this study is based on the need to increase the quality of fuels and lubricants used in technology, in particular oils, various chemical bases and is a complex scientific and technical task of tribology. The difficulties arising in the study and development of practical recommen-dations for the use of motor oils, the laws of their aging, as well as the determination of their limiting state associated with many factors affecting their condition are highlighted. In the article, special attention is paid to two main areas of research aimed at determining the limiting state of the technical characteristics of motor oils: laboratory and operational. The article reveals the main results of the works of the ignition temperature of motor oils, which is not associated with the use of external heat sources, but taking into account the absorbed thermal energy of evaporated engine oil. Вased on the results of the work, the de-pendences absorbed of the thermal energy by the evaporated oil on the time and temperature of the thermostating were obtained, this allowed establish the temperature at which the processes of evaporation of motor oils began. In addition, the critical temperatures of the studied processes were determined, which were taken as the flash point of the engine oil and which allowed to justify the mass of the evaporated oil. The obtained dependences made it possible to determine the temperature of the beginning of evaporation of motor oils, as well as the critical temperatures of the specified process. The results of the work make it possible to increase the efficiency of motor oils and the durability of the trouble-free operation of engines by improving the operational properties of oils.

Keywords: thermostatting, heat energy absorbed by the mass of evaporated oil, temperature of the beginning of vaporization processes, critical temperature of vaporization, flash-point

References

1. Ryabinin A.A. Vestnik Kuzbasskogo gosudar-stvennogo tehničeskogo universiteta, 2022, no. 5(153), pp. 55-61, doi 10.26730/1999-4125-2022-5-55-61.
2. Vakhrushev V.V., Nemtsev A.E., Ivanov N.M. Trudy mezhdunarodnoy nauchnoy onlayn-konferentsii «AgroNauka-2020», Sbornik statei, Novosibirsk, State Public Scientific and Technical Library of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020, pp. 226-234.
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5. Gulzar M., Masjuki H. H., Kalam M. A., Varman M., Zulkifli N. W. M., Mufti R. A., Zahid R. Tribo-logical performance of nanoparticles as lubricat-ing oil additives, Journal of Nanoparticle Re-search, 2016, vol. 18(8), art. no. 223, doi 10.1007/s11051-016-3537-4.
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Abstract.

This article presents the results of the authors' analysis of methods for cleaning runways using a frontal blade. The disadvantages and advantages of using the mechanical method of cleaning the runway, as well as the conditions for using a plow of a discarding type are described. The classification of dump carriers in-stalled on various types of special-purpose vehicles is given. The usual types of front blades that make up the group of airport plows are indicated, and the requirements for them according to the Airfield Mainte-nance Manual. The main types of snow plows are considered. A brief description of the types of snow plows is formulated, based on the main geometric and operational characteristics. The classification of types of frontal dumps according to the constructive principle is given. The types of knives used in the design are described based on the requirements for performance. The requirements for the design of the dump in re-lation to the operating conditions are formulated. The influence of snow plow blades made of polymeric and composite materials on the value of surface friction is analyzed. The dimensions of the knives of a number of plow snowplows are considered. The test data of a deflector with a fixed geometry used as an additional equipment of the blade are given. The relationship between the design of the front blade and the speed of cleaning the runway is described.

Keywords: frontal blade, snow plow, performance indicators, airfield vehicle, maintenance of airfield pavements

References

1. Lukyanov A. S. Traditsii i innovatsii v stroitel'stve i arkhitekture. Stroitel'nyye tekhnologii, Sbornik statei, Samara, SamGU, 2020, pp. 530-533.
2. Kozlikin V. I., Leus. G. Yu. Sovremennyye avtomobil'nyye materialy i tekhnologii (SAMIT-2013), Sbornik statei, Kursk, YUZGU, 2013, pp. 62-67.
3. Karelina M. Yu., Titov N. V., Kolomeychenko A. V., Vinogradov V.V., Petrikov I.A., Podzharaya K.S. Stroitel'nyye i dorozhnyye mashiny, 2015, no. 8, pp. 34-37.
4. Yarkin A. V., Zhil'tsov D. I., Zhil'tsov M. I., Kryukov A. S. Problemy funktsionirovaniya sistem transporta, Sbornik statei, Tyumen, TyumGNGU, 2010, pp. 392-395.
5. Merdanov SH. M., Konev V. V., Balin A. V. Inzhenernyy vestnik Dona, 2015, no. 2-2(36), p. 29.
6. Pogonina A. M., Gorshkov A. V., Dolzhenkov V. A. Stroitel'nyye i dorozhnyye mashiny, 2021, no. 12, pp. 26-30.
7. Kurysheva Ye. A., Vorontsova M. I. Arkhitektura, stroitel'stvo, transport, Sbornik statei, Omsk, SibADI, 2015, pp. 1810-1814.
8. Gerasimov S. N., Gabdullin T. R. Tekhnika i tekhnologiya transporta, 2017, no. 1(2), p. 4.
9. Mal'tseva L. P., Merdanov Sh. M., Konev V. V. Fundamental'nyye issledovaniya, 2016, no. 5-3, pp. 486-490.
10. Merdanov Sh. M., Konev V. V., Polovnikov Ye. V. Inzhenernyy vestnik Dona, 2015, no. 3(37), p. 162.

Abstract.

The article presents an analysis of the results of an experimental study of the effectiveness of a pair of brake the disc is the friction lining of a car of category N₁ made according to the international methodology of standards SAE J2522—2003, which determines the change in the coefficient of friction in the pair «brake pad — brake disc» depending on the change in pressure applied to the braking mechanisms of the wheels of the corresponding axle of the car, the influence of the temperature of the friction brake lining, as well as changes in the speed range of braking of the car during conducting an experiment. The above graphical re-sults of an experimental study of the process of changing the friction force in a pair of «brake pad — brake disc» have theoretical value in the field of research, as well as to improve the efficiency of braking dynamics of a car equipped with disc brakes.

Keywords: brake mechanisms, coefficient of friction, friction brake pad

References

1. Nosko, A. L., Safronov E. V., Kirillov D. V. Trenie i iznos, 2019, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 278-283.
2. Byshov N.V., Borychev S.N., Kokorev G.D., Uspenskij I.A., Nikolotov I.N., Gusarov S.N., Pan-kova E.A. Scientific journal of KubSAU, 2013, no. 86, pp. 300-311.
3. Polyakov P.A., Golikov A.A., Tagiev R.S., Poly-akova E.A., Zadayanchuk N.A. Avtomatiziro-vannoe proektirovanie v mašinostroenii, 2020, no. 9, pp. 12-16.
4. Muzdybaev M.S., Muzdybaeva A.S., Rogovskij V.V., Myrzabekova D.M. Vestnik Vostočno-Kazahstanskogo tehničeskogo universiteta im. D. Serikbaeva, 2018, no. 1, pp. 58-64.
5. Velizade E.S. Gruzovik, 2020, no. 10, pp. 3-8.
6. Krykhtin Yu. I., Karlov V. I. Assembling in me-chanical engineering, instrument-making, 2019, no. 1, pp. 12-17.
7. Sakovich N.E., Nikitin A.M., Shilin A.S., Rozhnova V.S., Prudnikov S.A. Vestnik of the Bryansk State agricultural academy, 2021, no. 6, pp. 55-60.
8. Bernatskiy V.V., Makarenko N.N. Žurnal Associ-acii avtomobilʹnyh inženerov, 2015, no. 4(93), pp. 32-37.
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10. Erunov A. S. Innovacii. Nauka. Obrazovanie, 2020, no. 23, pp. 647-649.

Abstract.

The article provides an analysis of the operating conditions of the runways, as well as the main negative factors affecting the safety of aircraft traffic. The composition of the complex of the main airfield machines involved in the maintenance of the runways has been identified. The braking efficiency is determined de-pending on the coefficient of adhesion shown by the measured device, obtained on a surface covered with compacted snow and ice. The main types of existing versions of brush cleaners are identified. The main purpose of brush units is considered in relation to various weather conditions in winter and summer peri-ods. The main designs of brush cleaners with a cylindrical brush are given. The main components of the cas-sette brush assembly are determined. The basic requirements for the transport position of the central brush are given. The advantages of using a cassette brush design are described. The basic requirements for the arrangement of a cylindrical brush are determined. The most common options for the location of the brush assembly of a motor transport harvesting machine are considered. The optimal layout of the brush assembly is selected in relation to the selected design of the vehicle (V). The relationship between the indi-cators of the speed of rotation of the brush and the movement of the motor transport harvesting machine when working with reverse snow throwing has been established. The main indicators influencing the effi-ciency of runway cleaning are formulated.

Keywords: brush unit, road sweeper, performance indicators, special vehicle, airfield pavement cleaning

References

1. Pogonina A. M., Gorshkov A. V., Dolzhenkov V. A. Stroitel'nyye i dorozhnyye mashiny, 2021, no. 12, pp. 26-30.
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5. Popov V. G., Popov A. V., Zhigulina. T. N. Stroitel'nyye i dorozhnyye mashiny, 2020, no. 12, pp. 31-40.
6. Balovnev V. I., Danilov R. G. Stroitel'nyye i dorozhnyye mashiny, 2019, no. 8, pp. 3-9.
7. Maksikova E.D., Golik S.A. Vestnik Irkutstkogo universiteta, 2018, no. 21, pp. 191-193.
8. Samulenkov Yu. I., Babkov A. B., Filatova Ya. A. Nauchnyy vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstven-nogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta grazhdanskoy aviatsii, 2022, vol. 25, no. 1, pp 35-52.
9. Sukharnikova V. A., Chigray V. S., Shilenok O. V. Yuzhno-Rossiyskiy gosudarstvennyy politekhnich-eskiy universitet (NPI) imeni M.I. Platova, 2019, pp. 160-164.
10. Gordyushkin I. V., Voynov A. A. Transport. Ekonomika. Sotsialnaya sfera (Aktualnye prob-lemy i ikh resheniya), Sbornik statei, Penza, Pen-zenskiy gosudarstvennyy agrarnyy universitet, 2020, pp. 40-43.

Abstract.

This article discusses special cleaning vehicles, the tasks of which are high-quality cleaning of runways and adjacent areas of airports, as well as key factors affecting the safety of aviation traffic. The most complex and critical phases of the flight that affect its safety are described. The main schemes for the movement of a complex of airfield vehicles along the runway in winter are considered, since it is in winter that the organi-zation of the process of cleaning the airfield requires more time and attention to the quality of the work. Groups of mechanization of airfield equipment have been systematized. The main tasks and key design fea-tures of the airfield sweeper-blower, the relevance of the blower and the degree of its impact on the safety of aviation are considered. The design elements of the purge unit and ways to improve the operational reli-ability and performance of this system are considered. The main structural schemes of the purge unit fan and drive system are presented, their advantages and disadvantages are determined. The influence of vi-bration loads during the operation of the fan of the purge unit, the causes of their occurrence and ways to deal with them to ensure a high level of system reliability are considered.

Keywords: cleaning equipment, reliability, performance, blowing unit, fan, drive system, vibration isolator, air traffic safety

References

1. Batalov K. A., Kulakov M. V., Chekhov I. A. Nauchnyy vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstven-nogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta grazhdanskoy aviatsii, 2021, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 8-19.
2. Samoylovich V. P. Mezhdunarodnyy studencheskiy nauchnyy vestnik, 2018, no. 6, p. 8.
3. Kravtsov S. V. Vestnik Rostovskogo gosudarstvennogo ekonomicheskogo universiteta (RINKH), 2021, no. 3(75), pp. 105-113.
4. Russian mining industry journal, 2021, no. 5, pp. 16-19.
5. Grib V. V., Karelina M. Yu., Petrova I. M., Fili-monov M. A. Sovremennyye problemy teorii mashin, 2013, no. 1. pp. 77-79.
6. Klochkov V. V., Rozhdestvenskaya S. M., Frid-lyand A. A. Nauchnyy vestnik GosNII GA, 2018, no. 20(331), pp. 93-102.
7. Batalov K. A., Kulakov M. V., Chekhov I. A. Nauchnyy vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstven-nogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta grazhdanskoy aviatsii, 2021, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 8-9.
8. Balabina T. A., Karelina M. YU., Mamayev A. N. Analiz issledovaniy kacheniya koles, konstruktsii i usloviy ekspluatatsii kolesnykh mashin na poka-zateli ikh rabotosposobnosti (Analysis of studies of wheel rolling, design and operating condi-tions of wheeled vehicles on indicators of their performance), Moscow, Izdatel'stvo «Pero», 2020, 119 p.
9. Zaytsev Ye. N., Konikova Ye. V. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta grazhdanskoy aviatsii, 2021, no. 1(30), pp.84-101.
10. Samulenkov Yu. I., Babkov A. B., Filatova Ya. A. Nauchnyy vestnik Moskovskogo gosudarstven-nogo tekhnicheskogo universiteta grazhdanskoy aviatsii, 2022, vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 35-52.

Abstract.

The article proposes a two-engine hybrid transmission with power split and two planetary gears is proposed for use in a hybrid amphibious vehicle of the middle class (HAVMC). One of the two electric motors is used to share the input power of the internal combustion engine (ICE), while the other provides additional torque, increasing the power output of the internal combustion engine. The efficiency of using the electric motor while ensuring fuel economy, taking into account the operation of the internal combustion engine in the optimal mode, has been established. This article presents a detailed theoretical analysis of the pro-posed continuously variable transmission with electronic control (eCVT) for HAVMC. An analysis of the characteristics of torque transmission for a combined power plant with power sharing has been carried out. A mathematical model of the operation of a two-engine hybrid transmission with power split and two plan-etary gears has been built using the Matlab software package. For the developed scheme, fuel economy calculations were made for the Highway Fuel Economy Driving Cycle (HWFET) and Federal Test Procedure (75 FTP-75) test drive cycles. The HAVMC model is demonstrated when driving in the land mode in order to evaluate the acceleration characteristics. A detailed theoretical analysis has been carried out, which deter-mines the prospects and advantages of the developed eCVT.

Keywords: mid-class amphibious vehicle (MCAV), hybrid powertrain, power split hybrid transmission, electronically controlled continuously variable transmission (eCVT)

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